{"id":100,"date":"2015-04-28T12:34:05","date_gmt":"2015-04-28T16:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bowditch.com\/diversityinclusionma\/?p=100"},"modified":"2023-04-12T11:31:51","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T15:31:51","slug":"same-sex-marriage-where-weve-been-where-we-are-where-were-going","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bowditch.com\/diversityinclusionma\/2015\/04\/28\/same-sex-marriage-where-weve-been-where-we-are-where-were-going\/","title":{"rendered":"Same Sex Marriage: Where We\u2019ve Been, Where We Are, Where We\u2019re Going"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LGBTQ rights have come a long way in the last thirty years.\u00a0 In the 1986 case,\u00a0<u>Bowers v. Hardwick<\/u>, the Supreme Court upheld a sodomy law in Georgia that made private, consensual homosexual conduct a crime.\u00a0 In a concurring opinion, then Chief Justice Warren Burger stated that homosexual conduct was an \u201cinfamous crime against nature\u201d that was worse than rape.\u00a0 Seventeen years later in 2003, in\u00a0<u>Lawrence v. Texas<\/u>, the Court, essentially, reversed itself, finding that intimate, consensual conduct was part of the liberty protected by substantive due process under the 14<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0Amendment and invalidated a number of similar laws that criminalized homosexual conduct between consenting adults.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Also in 2003, Massachusetts became the first state in the United States to allow same-sex marriage.\u00a0 The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court held in\u00a0<u>Goodrich v. Department of Public Health<\/u>\u00a0that \u201cbarring an individual from the protections, benefits, and obligations of civil marriage solely because that person would marry a person of the same sex violates the Massachusetts Constitution.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Since the\u00a0<u>Goodrich<\/u>\u00a0decision, a number of states followed suit, legalizing marriage for same-sex couples.\u00a0 Then, in the 2013 case\u00a0<u>United States v. Windsor<\/u>, the United States Supreme Court struck down a provision of the Defense of Marriage Act finding that the purpose and effect of DOMA was to impose a \u201cdisadvantage, a separate status, and so a stigma\u201d on same sex couples in violation of the 5<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0Amendment\u2019s guarantee of equal protection.\u00a0 This decision allows federal laws, such as the Internal Revenue Code, to be applied in the same manner for same-sex married couples as they are applied for heterosexual married couples.\u00a0 In other words, if the couple is legally married in the state in which they reside, they are also married in the eyes of the federal government, regardless of whether the couple is a same-sex couple or a heterosexual couple.\u00a0 The <u>Windsor<\/u>\u00a0decision stopped short, though, and left some major questions standing, including whether same-sex couples\u2019 right to marry is a constitutionally protected right and whether states have the right not to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states.<\/p>\n<p>Since <u>Windsor<\/u>, there have been numerous same-sex marriage decisions striking down these types of bans.\u00a0 Now, same-sex marriage is legal in thirty-seven states.\u00a0 Many of these decisions were appealed and upheld in several U.S. Courts of Appeals.\u00a0 However, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit created a stark circuit split when it overturned lower court rulings and upheld bans on same sex marriage in Ohio, Tennessee, Michigan, and Kentucky in late 2014.\u00a0 The split compelled the Supreme Court to take up the issue again.<\/p>\n<p>Arguments during the current session of the United States Supreme Court will address the same-sex marriage issue head-on. \u00a0The Court is being asked to decide exactly the issues that <u>Windsor<\/u>\u00a0left on the table:\u00a0 1)\u00a0 Does the 14<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0Amendment require states to license same-sex marriages; and 2)\u00a0 Does it require them to recognize those marriages performed in other states?<\/p>\n<p>The Supreme Court\u2019s answers to these questions could have a drastic impact:\u00a0 a decision in favor of same-sex marriage may make same-sex marriage legal nationwide.\u00a0 However, a decision against same-sex marriage could lead to challenges in a number of states where same-sex marriage bans were found unconstitutional.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LGBTQ rights have come a long way in the last thirty years.&nbsp; In the 1986 case,&nbsp;Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court upheld a sodomy law in Georgia that made private, consensual homosexual conduct a crime.&nbsp; In a concurring opinion, then Chief Justice Warren Burger stated that homosexual conduct was an&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Same Sex Marriage: Where We\u2019ve Been, Where We Are, Where We\u2019re Going - The Case for Inclusion<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bowditch.com\/diversityinclusionma\/2015\/04\/28\/same-sex-marriage-where-weve-been-where-we-are-where-were-going\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Same Sex Marriage: Where We\u2019ve Been, Where We Are, Where We\u2019re Going - The Case for Inclusion\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LGBTQ rights have come a long way in the last thirty years.&nbsp; In the 1986 case,&nbsp;Bowers v. 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